November 9 is the 313th day of the year (314th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 52 days remaining until the end of the year.
* 694 – Egica, a king of the Visigoths of Hispania, accuses Jews of aiding Muslims, sentencing all Jews to slavery.
* 1729 – Spain, France and Great Britain sign the Treaty of Seville.
* 1799 – Napoleon Bonaparte leads the Coup d'état of 18 Brumaire ending the Directory government, and becoming one of its three Consuls (Consulate Government).
* 1857 – The Atlantic founded in Boston.
* 1888 – Jack the Ripper kills Mary Jane Kelly, his last known victim.
* 1906 – Theodore Roosevelt is the first sitting President of the United States to make an official trip outside the country. He did so to inspect progress on the Panama Canal.
* 1921 – Albert Einstein is awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics for his work with the photoelectric effect.
* 1937 – Japanese troops take control of Shanghai, China.
* 1953 – Cambodia becomes independent from France.
* 1967 – First issue of Rolling Stone Magazine is published.
* 1989 – Cold War: Fall of the Berlin Wall. Communist-controlled East Germany opens checkpoints in the Berlin Wall allowing its citizens to travel to West Germany. This key event led to the eventual reunification of East and West Germany.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/November_9
11/09/2009
A Fateful Date
November 9 Marks Highs and Lows in German History
By Christopher Lawton
Broken windows of a Jewish shop on the morning after a Nazi pogrom on Nov 9, 1938.
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Broken windows of a Jewish shop on the morning after a Nazi pogrom on Nov 9, 1938.
November 9 is a key date in Germany's chequered 20th century history. It isn't just the 20th anniversary of the opening of the Berlin Wall. On this day in 1938, Nazi Germany launched a pogrom against its Jewish population in which more than 1,300 people died. SPIEGEL ONLINE looks at three events that occurred on this fateful date before 1989.
Berlin is staging a massive public festival on Monday to celebrate the 20th anniversary of the fall of the Berlin Wall on November 9, 1989, the event that heralded the end of communism in Europe and the unification of Germany.
But November 9 is also the 71st anniversary of Reichskristallnacht, a nationwide Nazi pogrom against Jews in 1938. Two other historical events fell on that date in 1918 and 1923 respectively -- the German Revolution that removed the monarchy, and a failed coup attempt by Adolf Hitler in 1923 known as the Beer Hall Putsch.
http://www.spiegel.de/international/germany/0,1518,660206,00.html
